Smileband general health

Article written by Idaz medical, 

Methycillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) is a type of staph bacteria resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics. Anyone can get MRSA and infections range from mild to life-threatening. Individuals may be carriers of MRSA and have it on their skin or in their nose but still be asymptomatic. These individual can still infected others with MRSA even though they are asymptomatic.

 

In the community, most MRSA infections are skin infections and are generally mild. Skin infections often look like a boil, pimple, or spider bite.

 

The more serious MRSA infections often occur in healthcare settings. In a healthcare setting, such as a hospital or nursing home, MRSA can cause severe problems such as bloodstream infections, pneumonia and surgical site infections.

 

In Arizona over the last 10 years there have been a range of 1,000 to 1,400 cases of invasive MRSA reported each year.

 

Arizona 5 year median: 1,155 cases

 

Transmission
Infections occur due to direct contact with contaminated surfaces or skin.

In the community, MRSA easily spreads in settings such as daycare, correctional facilities, or sport camps by frequent skin-to-skin contact, crowding, compromised skin, contaminated items and surfaces and lack of cleanliness.

In health care settings, poor adherence to standard infection control precautions (e.g. hand hygiene) can lead to transmission between patients and to clusters of infections. Isolation Precautions

Patients with MRSA should be put on standard and contact precautions.

Prevention for Patients
Maintaining good hand and body hygiene is the best prevention method.

• Washing hands often, and cleaning body regularly, especially after exercise.
• Keeping cuts, scrapes, and wounds clean and covered until healed.
• Avoid sharing personal items such as towels, washcloths, razors, clothing, and uniforms.

Individuals are infectious as long as the sores are draining.

Public Health Actions
Cases should be excluded from school or child care only if the sores cannot be covered.

Public health will conduct an epidemiological investigation on an outbreak. <!-- Global site tag (gtag.js) - Google Analytics -->

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Smileband general news

Article written by Laura Lammasniemi white slavery’ to trafficking

In England, the campaigns against white slavery culminated in a rally in Hyde Park, London, in August 1885, when tens of thousands of people demanded that white slavery be outlawed and the age of consent for girls be raised. The measure that was adopted first was the Criminal Law Amendment Act (CLAA) 1885.

The CLAA 1885 was significant for creating a definition of a trafficked girl – the involuntary prostitute. It made it an offence to procure “any girl or woman under twenty-one years of age, not being a common prostitute, or of known immoral character, to have unlawful carnal connexion”. By including the words “not being a common prostitute, or of known immoral character”, the section excluded from the scope of the law not only those working in prostitution but also any women considered promiscuous or not respectable. 

The CLAA also outlawed domestic and international trafficking by making it an offence to procure a woman or girl for the purpose of prostitution abroad or within the UK. However, if a woman was already living in a brothel, she could not be procured or trafficked, reinforcing the division between ‘prostitutes’ and victims. In a number of ways, then, the act created a distinction between virtuous virgins who embodied social purity, and the Other – the “common and immoral prostitute”. The lives of all women who would today be described as migrants and sex workers came under deeper control with every new legal intervention. The legislation did not, and could not, provide protection against the exploitation of women within prostitution and otherwise, as it focused on procurement and immigration rather than continuing acts of exploitation. It framed white slavery as a matter of criminal or immigration law, but did not acknowledge the wider structural factors behind female poverty and inequality – much like present-day anti-trafficking initiatives. <!-- Global site tag (gtag.js) - Google Analytics -->

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Smileband general news

Article written by the Caribbean council, 

China is continuing to increase and diversify its investments in the Caribbean region.

Confirming trends forecast in recent reports from the United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC), Chinese companies have recently announced major diversified investments in Jamaica and St Lucia.

On July 19 the Jamaican government announced that the Alpart alumina refinery in Jamaica had been sold for US$299m to the Chinese state owned entity the Jiuquan Iron and Steel Company (JISCo) owned by the Jersey-registered but Moscow-operated industrial giant, US Rusal.

According to Jamaica’s Transport and Mining Minister, Mike Henry, JISCo is expected to complete the full takeover of Alpart by November this year and will then begin a first phase of investment of around US$220m in modifying and upgrading the alumina plant to reduce costs and enhance production. Work permits are expected to be issued for around 200 Chinese technicians to achieve this and to undertake other activities.

The Minister also said that the company plans to invest another US$1.5bn to establish an industrial zone co-located with the alumina facility, which is located at Nain, St Elizabeth in the south of Jamaica. The project is expected over a four-year period to create over 3,000 new jobs.

Reflecting the political sensitivity of the continuing increase in the number of Chinese workers on the island, Mr Henry said that JISCo has been asked to provide details of the required job qualifications to ensure that “no Jamaican who is qualified for these…is left out.” He also confirmed that the company would be employing the existing Alpart staff, recruiting most former and available employees and creating around 700 new jobs from the latter part of 2016. He said that the company will be “paying great attention” to protecting the environment. Alpart had been closed from 2009 to 2015.

Rusal acquired a 65% stake in Alpart in 2007 as part of its merger with the alumina assets of Glencore, and acquired the remaining 35% stake in 2011. Alpart, which uses its own local bauxite production as feedstock, was previously reported to have an annual production capacity of 1.65m tonnes of cell-grade alumina.

The acquisition makes JISCo one of the top 10 producers of aluminium in China. The company was established in 1958 as a large-scale iron and steel producer but is now diversified into other areas of heavy engineering and power generation.

The investment is a sign of increasing Chinese interest in Jamaica as an economic base and follows from a wide range of other Chinese projects underway or being discussed.

In July, Jamaica announced that it had decided to use Chinese concessional loans to upgrade the road network on the island. Speaking at a press conference, the Prime Minister, Andrew Holness, said that US$384m in loan funding would come from China’s Exim Bank to construct a new road network in the southeastern and southwestern parts of the country, including in the neglected parish of St Thomas. The Jamaican government said it will raise an additional US$57m of the overall funding required.

Earlier this year the Chinese-built and financed US$730m North-South Highway opened, connecting Kingston to Ocho Rios and reducing coast-to-coast transit time to about an hour. The project gives the China Harbour Engineering Company (CHEC), which built the highway, a 50-year concession to recover its costs from tolls. The company also received land alongside the highway to develop for residential and commercial use.

At the time the Vice President of China Communications Construction Company (CCCC), Ziyu Sun, which owns CHEC, said that it will begin the construction of its regional headquarters in New Kingston later this year. <!-- Global site tag (gtag.js) - Google Analytics -->

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Smileband general news

Article written by sport mail reporter. 

The world of football was united in support of Sir Alex Ferguson on Saturday evening after it was revealed the former Manchester United manager is fighting for his life. The Scotsman, now 76, suffered a brain haemorrhage and has since undergone life-saving surgery, a procedure his old club described as having gone 'very well.'

Sportsmail will provide you with all the latest updates on the legendary manager's health throughout the day, as well as news on how the football fraternity have reacted to the worrying news. <!-- Global site tag (gtag.js) - Google Analytics -->

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Smileband health topics

Article written by Christopher Stanley, Smileband will be looking in to a next concept of a Heath formative assessments that would give people a backbone to the health care that we all feel neglected due to the health services that are unable to keep a formative structure within its social society public duty. Our concept will work as an ambassador of health specialist that have a strong motive to all structured purposes within human health. It’s will be a planning stage idea that will concept in to a development of support to people living society. Smileband hold all understanding based around people views and expressions that vague our true existence to its required length of distinguish subtracted clear internal organs fade our purpose to the living world as we are a temple to our living soul. Please support us through our researched news and health issue that we keep people within the public eye that is a vision of our true understanding to what’s going on in the world and the health issue that infects us through social connections. <!-- Global site tag (gtag.js) - Google Analytics -->

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Smileband health topics

Article written by Colin Fernandez, 

Scientists have made a major step forward to creating life in the laboratory without using sperm or eggs. Two different kinds of stem cells were combined in a dish - and they grew into an early form of embryo.

Creating embryos from stem cells would create an unlimited supply of identical embryos, which would be useful for medical research.

The development is hoped to shed light on one of the biggest causes of infertility - embryos failing to implant in the womb.

It will also be useful for testing the effects of new medical treatments. Researchers say that the technique - carried out in mice - could result in a mouse being created without using sperm or eggs within three years.

But experts warn that if the technique could be replicated in people, it may lead to the creation of an army of human clones.

It could take as long as two decades before the technique is likely to be perfected to create human embryos out of stem cells, the experts warned.

How does the technology work? 

Researchers combined two different types of embryonic stem cells from mice. <!-- Global site tag (gtag.js) - Google Analytics -->

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Smileband health topics

Article written by idaz medical, 

Hantavirus infection can be a severe and sometimes fatal disease. It was first recognized in 1993 in the four corners region of the United States. 

The risk of exposure is associated with wild rodent contact, such as deer mice. Early symptoms include fever, aches, and gastrointestinal upset. Four to 10 days after early phase, respiratory signs can occur, including shortness of breath and pulmonary edema.

Arizona will usually see an average of 3 to 5 cases of Hantavirus a year. This number can increase depending on the rodent populations and a number of exposures to individuals.

Arizona 5 year median: 4 cases

Transmission 
Transmission occurs when people inhale infected viral droplets from rodent urine, droppings, or nesting material. Although rare, bites from an infected rodent can also spread Hantavirus. Incubation is typically 2 weeks, ranging from 1-6 weeks.

Isolation Precautions 
Standard precautions are recommended in healthcare settings.

Prevention for Patients 

• Wear mask and gloves when cleaning up rodent waste material
• Do not sweep up droppings, use wet disinfectant (1:10) bleach solution
• Seal holes in and around homes so rodents cannot enter
• Store food in rodent-proof containers.

Public Health Actions 
Environmental partners should be notified to do an assessment of the home.

Public health will conduct an epidemiological investigation on a case or suspect case. <!-- Global site tag (gtag.js) - Google Analytics -->

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