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Friday, 6 October 2017
Thursday, 5 October 2017
Now for the fun bit: Everyone from England, Scotland and Wales is also British, but not people from Northern Ireland who are Irish (despite also being UK citizens). People from the Republic of Ireland are just Irish. And, none of these groups, except for people from England, should be referred to as English.
If that doesn’t fully make sense, then watch the video below which explains it in even more detail: In fact, the official name of the country is the "United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland."
The capital city of the United Kingdom is London and the head of state is currently Queen Elizabeth II. The United Kingdom is one of the founding members of the United Nations and sits on the United Nations Security Council.
The creation of the United Kingdom heralds back to 1801 when there was a unification between the Kingdom of Great Britain and the Kingdom of Ireland, creating the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. In the 1920s, southern Ireland gained independence and the name of the modern country of the United Kingdom became the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
GREAT BRITAIN
Great Britain is the name of the island northwest of France and east of Ireland. Much of the United Kingdom consists of the island of Great Britain. On the large island of Great Britain there are three somewhat autonomous regions: England, Wales, and Scotland.
Great Britain is the ninth largest island on Earth and has an area of 80,823 square miles (209,331 square kilometers). England occupies the southeast portion of the island of Great Britain, Wales is in the southwest, and Scotland is in the north.
Scotland and Wales are not independent countries but do have some autonomy from the United Kingdom with respect to internal governance.
Key Difference: The history of America and Britain is intertwined which is why there are a lot of similarities. However, there are many differences between the two cultures as well, including but not limited to behavior, sense of humor, television, preference of food and drinks, sports, etc.
Both America and Britain are countries with very old histories and traditions, so it’s understandable to say that they have developed some very different culture practices. However, the history of America and Britain is intertwined which is why a lot of similarities also occur.
America and Britain are both English speaking countries, and as Britain is the forefounder of the United States there are certain aspects of their culture that they have passed on. However, after almost 250 years apart, these cultures have developed to become unique to their respective countries.
When a tourist travels to American and Britain they might find them to be quite similar. From an outside perspective, both US and UK appear quite similar, they are both English-speaking, and other than some differences in dialect and cuisine they appear to be comparable. Still, when an American travels to Britain or vice versa, they are more likely to notice many differences such as the British life and behavior may seem more laid back to an American, who seem to be prefer a more harried lifestyle. Whereas, to a Briton, Americans always seem to be in a hurry; they can also appear to be forceful or demanding to the relaxed Brit.
The leader and deputy leader of far-right, anti-Islam group Britain First, Paul Golding and Jayda Fransen, have been charged with causing religiously aggravated harassment.
The charges relate to the distribution of leaflets in the Thanet and Canterbury areas and videos posted to social media during a gang rape trial at Canterbury Crown Court in May. That trial saw Shershah Muslimyar, 21, Tamin Rahmani, 38, Rafiullah Hamidy, 24 and a 17-year-old all convicted and jailed for the rape of a 16-year-old girl in Ramsgate.
Fransen, 31, faces four counts of causing religiously aggravated harassment and Golding, 35, faces three counts, Kent Police said.
The pair, both from Penge in south east London, were arrested on May 10.
Beneath the veneer of our super-sophisticated 21st-century existence, there lies a very basic truth: our lives are fundamentally governed by daily biological cycles called circadian rhythms.
These rhythms dictate the best time for us to eat, drink, sleep, have sex and even to get vaccinations. And we defy them at our peril.
Mounting evidence shows how our modern electrically illuminated life, which knocks off kilter the natural cycle of exposure to sunlight and darkness, vastly raises the risk of illnesses such as heart disease and obesity.
The basic mechanism of our circadian rhythms — or the body clock as they are more popularly known — was revealed three decades ago. But only this week has the highest scientific recognition, in the form of the Nobel Prize, been awarded to the three American scientists who discovered it: Jeffrey Hall, Michael Rosbash, and Michael Young.
It’s taken that long for the scientific community to appreciate fully the astonishing importance of circadian rhythms. Indeed, body clocks lie at the core of our existence. Here, JOHN NAISH reveals what makes us tick. In 1984, the three scientists identified a gene that runs the 24-hour biological clock inside humans. It ensures that our bodies stay in sync with the revolutions of the Earth and the shifts between day and night.
The researchers bred fruit flies that lacked this gene and found the insects were unable to control their most basic biological functions such as blood pressure, heart-rate, temperature, hormone levels, metabolism, sleep, and even behaviour.
‘This mechanism has its fingers in every aspect of physiology and behaviour that humans undergo,’ Professor Rosbash explained this week. Researchers at the universities of Bath and Surrey recently reported the discovery of circadian clocks in our muscles which, if disrupted, may be linked to the development of Type 2 diabetes.
They found that the muscle clocks are involved in regulating how the body responds to insulin — a hormone that promotes the uptake of glucose from the blood.
Poor quality sleep — known to increase the risk of Type 2 diabetes — may disrupt the muscle clocks and help to trigger insulin-resistance, leading to high blood sugar levels that are characteristic of the disease. One possible evolutionary reason for the existence of larks and owls is that it enabled our tribal ancestors to ensure there were suitably alert guards around their camps, night and day.
Being a morning or an evening person appears to be linked to the hour of our birth.
A study of thousands of U.S. students found that those born in the morning scored better in IQ tests held in the morning and thus were larks. Those born later in the day did better in tests held late in the afternoon and thus were owls.
Our body clocks may be set when, as babies, we are first exposed to the light of the world.
Wednesday, 4 October 2017
Tuesday, 3 October 2017
Professor Jenny Graves even claims the male of the species is heading for extinction.
And chaps, the bad news doesn’t end there, because the process may have already started.
A CHROMOSOME CRISIS
The female, or X, chromosome, contains around 1,000 genes, and females have two of them.
The Y chromosome started off with as many genes as its female counterpart.
But over hundreds of millions of years it has crumbled away, leaving fewer than 100 genes in modern man.
This includes the SRY gene, the ‘male master switch’ that determines whether an embryo is male or female.
What is more, while women have two X chromosomes, men have just one, ‘wimpy’, Y.
This is key, as the pairing allows the X to make crucial repairs.
Lacking a mate, the Y chromosome finds it more difficult to patch up mistakes and so decays away.
Professor Graves, one of Australia’s most influential scientists, believes that women will win the battle of the sexes – and in the most definitive way possible.
She says that the inherent fragility of the male sex chromosome, the Y sex chromosome, means that men are sliding towards extinction.
Professor Graves’s prediction hinges around the number of genes on the male and female sex chromosomes.
The female, or X, chromosome, contains a healthy 1,000 or so genes.
What's more, girls and women have two of them.
The Y chromosome started off with as many genes as its female counterpart.
But over hundreds of millions of years it has crumbled away, leaving fewer than 100 genes in modern man.
This includes the SRY gene, the ‘male master switch’ that determines whether an embryo is male or female.
What is more, while women have two X chromosomes, men have just one, ‘wimpy’, Y.
This is key, as the pairing allows the X to make crucial repairs.
Lacking a mate, the Y chromosome finds it more difficult to patch up mistakes and so decays away.
Professor Graves, of Canberra University, said: ‘The X chromosome is all alone in the male but in the female it has a friend, so it can swop bits and repair itself.
‘If the Y gets hit, it’s a downward spiral.’
Giving a public lecture, the professor said: ‘It is very bad news for all the men here.’
And there is more bad news.
In her talk at the Australian Academy of Science, the professor described the remaining genes on the Y chromosome as being mostly ‘junk’.
She said: ‘It’s a lovely example of what I call dumb design.
‘It’s an evolutionary accident.’
However, there is some good news.
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