Tetanus is a disease caused by the toxins produced by Clostridium tetani. The bacteria is found in the soil and the intestines of animals. Tetanus is a neurologic disease that progresses to severe painful generalized muscle spasms. Autonomic dysfunction can also occur.
In Arizona from 2011 to 2015 there were 5 cases of tetanus reported.
Arizona 5 year median: 0 cases
Transmission
Transmission primarily occurs by the bacteria entering the body through broken skin, usually by injuries from contaminated objects such as nails.
Incubation period can range from 3 to 21 days.
Lab Tests & Specimen Info
There are no laboratory tests for tetanus.
There are no laboratory tests for tetanus.
Isolation Precautions
Tetanus is not a communicable disease.
Tetanus is not a communicable disease.
Prevention for Patients
Vaccination is the best prevention method. Approximately 100% of healthy adults and infants, children, and adolescents develop adequate antibody response after a primary series. Tdap booster is recommended for adults in place of the Td booster. Immunity last approximately 10 years and requires a booster after that time.
Vaccination is the best prevention method. Approximately 100% of healthy adults and infants, children, and adolescents develop adequate antibody response after a primary series. Tdap booster is recommended for adults in place of the Td booster. Immunity last approximately 10 years and requires a booster after that time.
Public Health Actions
Public health will conduct an epidemiological investigation on a case or suspect case.
Public health will conduct an epidemiological investigation on a case or suspect case.
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