Babesiosis is caused by a microscopic parasite that is spread by Ixodes scapularis ticks. Many people who are infected do not have any symptoms. The transmission of this disease occurs usually in the Northeast and upper Midwest regions of the United States.
From 2005 to 2015 in Arizona there have been 6 cases of Babesiosis. 5 out of the 6 cases had recent travel to Northeast or upper Midwest states which is where transmission primarily occurs.
Arizona 5 year median: 0 cases
Transmission
Bites from infected Ixodes scapularis ticks (deer ticks) are the main route of transmissions. Transmission can also occur through blood transfusions and very rarely from mother to child.
Incubation period ranges from 1 to 5 weeks following the tick bite.
Lab Tests & Specimen Info
Test*
|
Specimen
|
Microscopic
examination (In symptomatic patients with acute infections the parasite can be detected in blood smears) |
Blood
|
PCR
|
Whole
blood |
IgG/IgM
Serology |
Serum
(acute and convalescent) |
Babesiosis is not a contagious disease.
Standard precautions are recommended in healthcare settings.
Prevention for Patients
Avoid exposure to tick habitats:
Avoid exposure to tick habitats:
- Avoid areas with overgrown grasses or brush.
- Wear long pants, long-sleeved shirts and socks when outdoors.
- Apply insect repellents to skin and clothing.
- Check body for ticks after being outdoors.
Public Health Actions
Individuals with a known history of Babesia infections are deferred indefinitely from donating blood.
Individuals with a known history of Babesia infections are deferred indefinitely from donating blood.
Public health will conduct an epidemiological investigation on a case or suspect case.
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